author: anonymous
not long ago on may 12, shaanxi introduced summer peak peak production plan, requiring xi'an, xianyang, baoji, tongchuan, weinan, yulin and other six cities 26 cement enterprises 39 cement clinker production line, in 2017 on may 20 ~ july 20 period, according to the actual arrangements for the enterprise kiln 30 days.
from the cement industry in 2014 formally put forward the peak production began, just three years, the peak production has been covered to the majority of domestic production of cement province. in 2016-2017, the national cement industry peak peak production ushered in the largest ever. in addition to the 15 provinces outside the province, the two lakes, sichuan, chongqing, jiangsu also joined the ranks of the peak peak production, with fujian, guangdong, guangxi, zhejiang and other southern provinces of the winter kiln plan, the peak of the basic coverage of the major domestic cement production area.
the original intention of the peak production is to reduce the pollutant discharge and reduce the pressure of overcapacity through the unified stop kiln, limit the output to reduce the pollutant discharge and reduce the excess capacity of the role, since the beginning of the implementation of a certain extent, ease the winter pollutant superposition of emissions, improve the atmospheric environment , but also reflects the responsibility and obligations of the cement industry.
however, as well as the famous cement expert gao changming once said: "we all know, just tacit. cement company's so-called 'peak production', although there are certain components of the staggered pollutant emissions superimposed peak role, but its inconvenience to declare the main purpose is to stagger the market demand in the doldrums.
so, the peak peak production really can alleviate excess capacity, reduce the role of pollutant emissions?
first of all, the use of peak production to resolve excess capacity is a pseudo-proposition.
march 4 this year, the cppcc sub-group after the end of the cppcc national committee members, the ministry of industry and former minister li yizhong said in an interview, "'to the production capacity' and 'to the output' is not a concept, how much output to the market, administrative intervention, but to the production capacity is the government to the backward production capacity to destroy, do not give them the opportunity to resurgence.
this statement clearly pointed out that the source of production capacity, that is, the elimination of serious emissions, high energy consumption, from the city near the market competitiveness of weak backward production capacity, rather than through administrative means to limit capacity to play, it is clear that the peak production has been to some extent contrary this idea.
then limit the production capacity can be equivalent to "to production capacity" it? the purpose of the peak production is to limit the capacity to play, reduce the supply of the market, and thus achieve the purpose of weakening the impact of excess capacity, but the real need to remove the backward production capacity and will not be out of control due to production. instead, due to peak prices caused by the peak, backward production capacity can be higher than the previous economic benefits.
in addition, cement is different from other industrial products, as a rigid demand for bulk industrial products, there is no effective alternative products in the case of cement production and the national economy is closely related. demand is the output, not because of price changes or changes in production time affected.
therefore, on the one hand, the cement production capacity itself, because there is no capacity to exit, so there is no problem of overcapacity; the other hand, in the context of the cement market demand in the context of a certain period of time, even if the temporary limited production capacity, annual production of cement is not a fundamental impact, peak production and even "to yield" are not to mention.
it is worth mentioning that the cement industry, especially in the northern region, affected by the market and weather factors, has always been a winter kiln tradition, the need for peak production is worth considering.
second, the peak production does not reduce pollutant emissions.
reducing pollutant emissions has been the main source of peak-to-peak production in the cement industry. however, does the peak production fail to reduce pollutant emissions? in fact, the peak peak production can indeed reduce the concentration of pollutants in winter to a certain extent, but the significance is limited.
cement industry pollutants mainly include nitrogen oxides, dust and sulfur dioxide, etc., emissions should be calculated by the annual output multiplied by tons of cement pollutant emissions, so the total emissions of pollutants in the cement industry by the annual production and cement plant average tons of pollutants emitted by the decision. that is: the annual output of certain circumstances, the more advanced production technology per ton, the smaller the energy consumption, the less pollutants, the annual energy consumption of the cement industry and pollutants are also less.
at present, economic development needs determine cement production. therefore, even if the winter production is reduced, it will not affect the annual cement production. from the whole year, in the cement production is certain circumstances, the annual cement industry emissions of pollutants will not be reduced.
in addition, the cement enterprises, especially the northern cement enterprises have always been the tradition of winter kiln, pollutant emissions itself is not large, and the cement industry after recent years of development, environmental conditions improved significantly, especially in the new "cement industry air pollution emission standards "after the implementation of the domestic cement industry pollutant emissions targets have been close to or meet the eu standards.
therefore, the use of peak production to promote the development of environmental protection in the cement industry, its role is questionable. if the winter kiln is affected by seasonal factors, to avoid the superposition of pollutants, then now blindly expand the peak production time and scale, it is really defective.
it is worth mentioning that in the country's highest cement production in 2014, the industry did not implement the peak production, but rather in the cement production decline in 2015- 2016 industry began a large-scale peak, the main reason behind it worthy of our thinking the
third, the peak production may increase energy consumption and pollutant emissions.
in fact, the peak production is not only from the perspective of the year to reduce emissions of pollutants in the cement industry, more likely to increase the cement industry, energy consumption and total emissions of pollutants.
as a high degree of marketization of the industry, in the peak production before the emergence of cement production line open more by the market factors, which is the northern region early winter kiln is an important reason for the situation. in the past, in the northern winter low temperature, is not conducive to the construction site, the market demand is weak, the northern cement enterprises generally in this period of time kiln maintenance.
now the implementation of peak production, regardless of the level of production efficiency, must comply with the peak of the policy, this way, will change the market regulation mechanism. the original advantage of production capacity due to low energy consumption, the unit pollutant emissions in the market competition is also occupied by the advantages of "averageism" offset, and backward production capacity to benefit from the peak production, but the output may be higher than the peak production before the introduction. in this way, from the perspective of the year, the cement industry, pollutant emissions and energy consumption are likely to rise.
according to industry experts, large-scale production line per kilogram of clinker heat consumption of about 710 kcal, medium-sized production line for about 750 kcal, small backward production line may be as high as 800 kcal. domestic cement enterprises responsible person: assuming the market regulation environment, the advantage of the production capacity of 90%, 50% of the weak capacity, the average after the advantage of capacity to 70%, weak production capacity rose to 70%, the annual demand for cement , in this case, in fact the cement industry consumes more resources and also discharges more pollutants.
take the carbon dioxide emissions as an example, the average discharge level of co 2 at 5000t / d and below the production line of 5000t / d and 10,000t / d and above tons of clinker is 0.9226t, 0.8543t and 0.8324t. this means that the weak capacity of clinker production capacity for each additional ton, it is possible to increase the carbon dioxide emissions of 0.07 tons, which is only carbon dioxide emissions, coal consumption and other aspects of the weak production capacity to increase the energy consumption increased also obvious.
in addition, it should be noted that the increase in the number of cement kiln kiln will also bring more energy consumption, just to open kiln kiln, for example, 5000t / d production line a single kiln on the need for about 20 tons of diesel. in addition, the equipment loss will increase the burden of cement enterprises.
it is easy to see that to enhance the advantages of production capacity to play, in essence, is another way to save energy and energy in the current cement industry, increasing pressure on energy-saving emission reduction background, the industry should encourage the advantages of production capacity to limit the backward production capacity, the same circumstances, in order to use less resource consumption and pollutant emissions to meet the needs of social and economic construction. so that the peak production of normalized, disguised increase in backward production capacity is contrary to the ecological civilization construction needs.
fourth, the peak production is not conducive to backward production capacity eliminated.
as mentioned above, the "egalitarianism" brought about by the peak production weakened the dominant position in the competitive advantage of the market, but also created the living space for the backward production capacity. north china, a large cement enterprises have pointed out that the peak production after the launch of the local part of the cement production capacity behind the resurgence of cement.
part of the backward cement production capacity, the original competition in the market in a weak position, even as the current cement market demand began to decline has been on the verge of exit. the peak of the production of uniform kiln to bring the weak enterprise production capacity to be able to play at the same time, due to the rigid demand characteristics of cement, supply is compressed, the price rose rapidly, while the market price rise was the original cost control weak weak cement enterprises to create profit margins.
it should be noted that the current domestic cement production capacity has reached 3.5 billion tons, according to forecasts, the future domestic cement demand will decline to 1.8 billion tons, this way, the excess capacity will be close to 50%, if not timely exit backward production capacity, the future cement industry situation will be more severe.
in the current context, rather than let the backward production capacity by the peak of the wind production of living space, it is better to control the peak production, for the advantages of production to create space for development. for example, according to energy consumption and environmental indicators, the advantages of production capacity can not participate in the peak production, so that both to achieve the role of centralized emissions of pollutants, but also to further suppress the weak production capacity to accelerate production capacity out.
fifth, the peak production may affect the market economy laws.
cement is a rigid demand for industrial products, there is no effective alternative materials. because of this, once the supply side by the human control, it is easy to break the law of market regulation, resulting in price irrational rise, and may even have been suspected of price monopoly.
in 2016, the national cement industry in the market demand did not appear to rise sharply under the premise of profits rose more than 58% in 2015, behind the reasons for the second half of last year began to intensify the peak production is not unrelated. by 2017, the momentum of the peak production has increased, the above has been mentioned, just recently in shaanxi has just introduced the summer peak peak production plan.
as gao changming said, "peak production" for the cement industry is mainly staggered cement market demand is low, by limiting capacity to play, to ease the market downturn caused by the problem of excess capacity. from this point of view, the peak production is more like some of the cement industry by policy to achieve a unified production, "balance" supply and demand, improve profit expectations. last year, occurred in some of the province of poor production policy change overnight events, is an example.
in the march 12 this year, the national large cement enterprise leaders roundtable (12 3 summit) on the formation of the submissions, it is clearly put forward through the industry "self-discipline" and the establishment of corporate integrity system, to promote the peak production. and even proposed through the mutual holding of enterprises, commissioned by the operation, optimize the market layout and resource allocation. at present, some areas have begun to set up by the regional enterprises jointly set up investment management company.
according to the provisions of the anti-monopoly law, it is forbidden for operators with competitive relations to reach a fixed or change commodity price, limit the number of production or sales of goods, restrict the competition agreement, decision or other cooperative behavior, industry associations may not organize the the operators of the industry engage in monopolistic behavior. obviously, the cement industry peak production has spread violated the rules of the operation of the market, and touched the "anti-monopoly law" relevant provisions.
it is of course necessary to note that the antimonopoly act also proposes to allow business operators to act unanimously in specific circumstances, including "due to the economic downturn, a significant decline in the ease of sales or a significant surplus of production" and " saving the environment, saving the environment, disaster relief and other social and public interests ", but the premise is that" the operator should also prove that the agreement will not seriously restrict the competition in the relevant market, and can enable consumers to share the resulting benefits. "
and the peak production, on the one hand has severely restricted the cement industry market competition, resulting in advanced production capacity and backward production capacity between the unfair competition; the other is not conducive to industry energy-saving emission reduction and industrial upgrading, apparently with the "anti- "the" special circumstances "are not consistent.
in the context of the current poor economic situation, some industries, especially the serious excess capacity industry through synergy, control production, maintenance of the price of the practice showed a rising momentum, in response to this reality, but also need to adhere to the relevant departments of the market, the rule of law , to maintain the principle of fair competition in the market economy.
finally, after the peak production of enterprise employees to protect the difficulties.
after the peak of the staff in the "semi-laid" state, the cement factory employees different positions of the assessment system is different, in the enterprise during the suspension of some of the necessary assessment indicators can not be implemented, the enterprise must be based on their own situation to pay another standard, some important production links staff idle, staff pay will inevitably be affected.
to the kiln operator, for example, a cement plant assessment criteria are as follows: output indicators accounted for 40%, 40% quality indicators, work attitude and labor discipline each 10%, in the enterprise during the shutdown of the above indicators can not be quantified, companies must their own situation to develop remuneration. in addition, shipping, machine repair, inspection and other common production post salary settlement is usually linked with the actual workload, the peak peak production period income will also be affected.
especially in some private enterprises, corporate burden itself is heavy, the relevant compensation mechanism may not sound, this way, the production of employee benefits during the shutdown is even more difficult.
in fact, in order to avoid the peak production during the enterprise employees have been affected too much, many local governments and enterprises have developed a corresponding solution, but specific to different regions, different enterprises, how to effectively protect the interests of employees is relatively difficult , so far has not yet seen the relevant departments out of the peak production period detailed employee benefits protection mechanism.
thus, the peak production needs to be solved not only the economic issue, it is a social problem.
as a cement practitioner, i believe that the healthy development of the cement industry requires a long-term mechanism to limit the development of backward production capacity, to encourage technological innovation or new advanced production capacity to replace the backward production capacity for the growth of competitive capacity to create space. any policy development should be implemented from the perspective of sustainable development of the industry, the peak production of its own scientific nature, but compared to its adverse effects, can be described as more harm than good, whether it should be normal, worthy of all careful consideration.
finally, the author from a cement point of view called the industry, good energy conservation and environmental protection and technological innovation, starting from the production source, reduce energy consumption and pollutant emissions, and jointly promote the industry technological progress and industrial upgrading. so, china can from cement production to the cement production power.
article source: http://www.ccement.com/
